Yönetim
ust kademe faaliyet
İngilizce: upstream operation
Türkçe Tanım
Ust kademe faaliyet, bir uretim veya tedarik zincirinin ilk asamalarindaki, ozellikle hammaddelerin aranmasi, cikarilmasi ve islenmesi ile ilgili is faaliyetlerini ifade eder. Petrol ve gaz endeustrisinde ust kademe faaliyetler sismik arastirma, sondaj, kuyu tamamlama ve birincil uretimi kapsar. Bu faaliyetler sermaye yogun olup proje finansmani yapilandirmasinda dikkatle degeerlendirilmesi gereken jeolojik, duzenleyici ve emtia fiyati risklerine tabidir.
English Definition
An upstream operation refers to business activities at the initial stages of a production or supply chain, particularly the exploration, extraction, and processing of raw materials. In the oil and gas industry, upstream operations encompass seismic surveying, drilling, well completion, and primary production. These operations are capital-intensive and subject to geological, regulatory, and commodity price risks that must be carefully assessed in project finance structuring.